Simulation in the Classroom

Simulation in the Classroom is a book in the 'Penguin papers in education' series. It is written by John Taylor and former GA President Rex Walford.

It explores the idea of role playing games and other simulations  

There are a few examples of games in the book.

There is the classic Herefordshire Farm Game, which involves students taking over the management of Canon Pyon farm on the Welsh border and deciding which crops to grow in its fields, whose yields are dependent on the weather experienced in each year they are in charge. The game was developed by W. V. Tidswell and was a regular part of my teaching when I first started .

It works well.

There is also a game developed by another former GA President when she was still teaching: Sheila Jones. This was developed along with David Gowing. It is an Urban Growth model, based on the city of Bristol, and developed following a session as part of the Madingley Lectures in 1967.

Check out John Taylor's work on simulation as well.

A cross-posting from my GeoLibrary blog.

GA Conference 1977

A report by Sheila Jones

There was also a lecture by Lord Nathan... a connection with the past, as he had been GA President over twenty years earlier.

The Macmillan Education Lecture Energy and the environment was given by the Rt Hon. Lord Nathan, Chairman of the Working Party which produced a report under the same title in 1975. His lecture assessed the balance of energy needs and potential related to the consequent damage inflicted upon the environment, reminding the audience that there is a limit to the capacity of the environment to absorb waste. Of all forms of energy, Lord Nathan seemed to favour solar energy as it does not cause pollution, does not create new heat and is not restricted to certain locations. It is especially suitable for developing countries. He concluded that the solution to prob lems of conflict between environmental conservation and the demands for energy could only be found by a multi-disciplinary team to which geographers made a full contribution.

On the last day, at the Annual General Meeting, the constitutional changes were approved and the new structure of the Association has now become a fact rather than a blueprint. It is hoped that this structure will mean that there will be an improved servicing of the membership and also that it will, as Prof. Wise hopes, be easier to make our voices heard in present and future educational debate.

Source:

Jones, Sheila M. “Report: Education and Economic Geography at the Geographical Association.” Area, vol. 9, no. 3, 1977, pp. 214–15. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20001238. Accessed 16 Sept. 2023.

GA Centenary - mystery images

Another few images supplied by Richard Daugherty from the GA Centenary celebration in 1993.

Help required to identify...

The lady with Richard at the dinner.

The lady on the left sat on the bench with Sheila Jones, Richard and Pat Cleverley... three Presidents.

I think it may be a member of staff at Fulwood Road (at the time)...

More memories of Fulwood Road

My thanks to Hilary Bradley (nee Todd) for sending me some memories of her time as a GA Staff member.

My apologies also for not having posted them at the time as well. I rediscovered them when looking for something else recently.

I was a member of the GA staff, starting in September 1969 and leaving in spring of 1974 (cutting my ties with Sheffield). 

I ran the library and information service, with support from the Hon Librarian Mr (Jim) Jay (we were so formal back then, I had to look up his first name!). 

He was a lovely man and very supportive. I shared my office on the ground floor with the delightful Mrs (Mary) Ellis who was the editor of Geography. 

 My role also included editing assorted publications, including British landscapes through maps (series editor Professor KC Edwards of Nottingham University). 

We would travel to the Peak District to discuss issues in some convivial pub or other! 

I launched a new publication – Resources for geography - which would seem to still going strong in a new guise. And I shall not forget compiling the Dudley Stamp Memorial Index to Geography. 

All the entries were hand-written on index cards which were then alphabetised by computer at the University. So revolutionary was this technology that we wrote an appendix to the index explaining how it was done! (I was taken to see the computer, my second encounter with one – it filled an entire room.)

343 Fulwood Road was a substantial Victorian or Edwardian mansion set in a large garden in a very upmarket suburb of Sheffield. 

The Fleure Library took up most of the ground floor and the admin team worked upstairs. 

My office had a wonderful outlook over the garden – it was an idyllic place to work in, if a little unreal. It was a real treat then to travel to London for regular meetings of the executive committee, usually held in a room at LSE or King's, and the annual conference. These were happy times – a sense of shared purpose, a passion for geography, many wonderful and inspiring people. I looked up to them all as demi-gods.

I need a bit more time to put together a cast list of who was involved at that time. Sheila Jones is the person I best remember. As President she was unique as she was a hands-on secondary school teacher ‘working at the chalk face’ as she put it in her presidential address (I still remember that much!). 

All of her predecessors were in higher education I think. As most of our members were in secondary education, she must have been a real role model.

If this post has prompted some memories I'd love to hear from you.

Sheila Jones Legacy Fund - funding still available

 Sheila Jones was an inspirational geography teacher who had a lifetime of involvement with the Geographical Association. She was the first female teacher to be elected GA President in 1975 and her considerable service to the GA was recognised in 2007 when she was awarded Honorary Membership of the GA. She was also a member of the GA Bristol Branch and became the National Branch Officer.

The GA is very grateful to the estate of Sheila Jones for a legacy donation of £10,000 that has been received. Sheila was a great advocate of networking and therefore, this donation will be divided into 100 packages of £100 each and used to support, rejuvenate and develop networks through the GA.

The first 100 eligible network events that are received after 1 September 2022 will be able to claim a legacy package of £100 each to support their networking event.

Events supported by the Sheila Jones Legacy Fund will be asked to share a PowerPoint slide at their network event which celebrates Sheila’s contribution to the geography education community and to complete a case study that the GA will collect and collate together to share with the GA community.

Details in the latest GA magazine:

There are still many bursaries left, and hundreds of teachers have already benefited from this scheme.

Sheila Jones Legacy Fund - now available for applications

 Very pleased to see this earlier today on the GA website.

The Sheila Jones legacy fund is now available.

The first 100 eligible network events that are received after 1 Sept 2022 will be able to claim a legacy package of £100 each to support their networking event.

More information about the fund at https://t.co/qK3A3WBJGZ#geography pic.twitter.com/ymuXrecZ53

— Geographical Association (@The_GA) September 6, 2022

Sheila Jones was an inspirational geography teacher who had a lifetime of involvement with the Geographical Association. She was the first female teacher to be elected GA President in 1975 and her considerable service to the GA was recognised in 2007 when she was awarded Honorary Membership of the GA. She was also a member of the GA Bristol Branch and became the National Branch Officer.

The GA is very grateful to the estate of Sheila Jones for a legacy donation of £10,000 that has been received. Sheila was a great advocate of networking and therefore, this donation will be divided into 100 packages of £100 each and used to support, rejuvenate and develop networks through the GA.

The first 100 eligible network events that are received after 1 September 2022 will be able to claim a legacy package of £100 each to support their networking event.

Events supported by the Sheila Jones Legacy Fund will be asked to share a PowerPoint slide at their network event which celebrates Sheila’s contribution to the geography education community and to complete a case study that the GA will collect and collate together to share with the GA community.

I was very pleased to be able to exchange a number of emails with Sheila when I was developing my GA Presidents blog.

Sheila's own entry can be read here.

Remembering Sheila Jones

A piece which appeared in the Autumn 2021 issue of GA Magazine.

Written by former Presidents Richard Daugherty, Jeremy Krause and John Westaway.

Sheila Jones Funeral - 15th July

Today is the funeral of Sheila Jones, who was the GA's oldest living former President until her passing in June. It will take place in her home city of Bristol. She was a great innovator and a trail blazer for other more recent female Presidents.

Lord George Carey (former Archbishop of Canterbury ) will conduct the service.

John and Jane Westaway (John is a former GA President) will represent the GA at the event.

Sheila requested “no flowers” please, but instead charity donations to St Peter’s Hospice Charlton Road, Brentry, BRISTOL BS10 6NL

Here is Sheila enjoying one of her other passions (apart from geography): cricket. She is at Lords and is the lady holding the umberella. Pat Cleverly (another former GA President) is on the far right of the photo.

Thanks to Jeremy Krause for the images and for making the introductions to Sheila a year or two ago as part of this blog project, which gave me the chance to enjoy a number of conversations with Sheila where she shared her memories of her time with the GA.

I shall raise a glass to Sheila tonight.

Pikes Peak

Thanks to Jeremy Krause for the image of Pat Cleverley and Sheila Jones, two former GA Presidents in Colorado on a GA tour 25 years ago. They are at Pikes Peak.

See the recent announcement about the passing of Sheila.

Sheila Jones - 1929-2021

There is sad news to report in this entry.

I was told yesterday by Jeremy Krause of the passing of Sheila Jones, President of the GA in 1975, and the first female teacher President.

Sheila passed away in Southmead Hospital in Bristol, a city she was associated with for so long, along with other former GA Presidents.

Sheila's entry on the blog can be read here. It is packed with information of the impact of her selection as President, and how things were changing at the GA at the time, and her own journey into geography and how important a person she was in the GA's history.

I had the great pleasure to exchange emails with Sheila over the last few years as I worked on this blog, and she was also able to send me a batch of photographs and other memorabilia of her time at the GA, and also her memories of others that she worked with.

The Geography community has lost one of its pioneers.

I would like to pass on my condolences to Sheila's family, colleagues and friends. Memories of Sheila welcome here.

Image: Sheila with her long standing GA members badge.

Susan Pike, the current GA President, shared some of her thoughts on the significance of Sheila's contributions to the GA

1. Remembering Sheila Jones - 1929-2021 who passed away this week. Sheila was the 3rd Female @The_GA President (1975). Here's @GeoBlogs on Sheila: https://t.co/OYip4AAvgu pic.twitter.com/3Rlspc1I6a

— Dr Susan Pike | GA President 🌍 (@SusanJPike) June 5, 2021

Here's a letter from Sheila regarding the disconnect between school and academic geography.

Jones, Sheila M. “Letter to the Editor: Contact with Schools.” Area, vol. 8, no. 3, 1976, pp. 223–223. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20001121. Accessed 16 Sept. 2023. 

1993: Centenary Folder

Sent to me by Sheila Jones as part of a package of material earlier in the year.

This was a design used during 1993 for the folders containing the documents for the year. There have been quite a few designs of these folders over the years, and many of them disappear into people's homes, and then the bin.

Always happy to feature ephemera such as this on the blog if people find them...

Robert May

I first came across Robert May on one of the images that Sheila Jones sent through to me via Jeremy Krause. He was in a quiz team which was taking part in a special quiz on the British Empire at the 1993 Centenary Celebrations, along with Sue Bermingham.

He was the Branch Officer of the Geographical Assocation following Sheila Jones - an important role and one currently carried out by Ian Dixson. She described him as a great supporter of the GA and Assistant Treasurer, and she said he never made President, but perhaps should have.

Here he is in the image on the right:

We believe the man on the left with the beard and Fez is Bob Jones: Secretary of the North Staffs Branch of the GA, and also a former GA Branch Officer. Thanks to Frances Soar for suggesting that it was Bob. Can anyone confirm that for me? He was certainly present at the event.

References

Coates, Bryan E., et al. “Annual Report of the Geographical Association 1983.” Geography, vol. 69, no. 2, 1984, pp. 167–175. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40570820. Accessed 8 Nov. 2020

Conference Officers

The GA Annual Conference has always been a highlight of the GA year, and an opportunity for the President to give their address. For many decades, this was held over the New Year at the London School of Economics. Sheila Jones told me that the conference officer was always a very important person in the GA.

In the conference document that Pat Cleverley sent me, from 1984, the conference officers were listed in the programme as David Green from the Department of Geography at King's College, and Ralph Dunkley from the Geography Section at City of London Polytechnic.

I will be researching each of these people as well as the GA Presidents, so any help with those names would also be helpful.

Denys Brunsden: a former GA President was a conference officer for some years, and passed on details of some of the other conference officers during his time connected with the GA.

Tom Elkins - Professor of Geography at the University of Sussex

“The Geographical Association.” Geography, vol. 63, no. 4, 1978, pp. 369–379. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40569009. Accessed 2 Nov. 2020.

Jim Bird

Peter O'Dell (or Odell?)

Denys Brunsden - himself a conference officer in the 1970s

David Jones

Nigel Yates

Ralph Dunkley

Russell Chapman

Barrie Morgan - strongly linked to King's College, London

https://www.strandlines.london/2012/08/01/memories-of-the-strand-dr-barrie-morgan/

Also runs the King's College London Alumni twitter feed

1981 Conference

David Green

Russell Chapman and Geoff Dunkley ran the conference for years in the 90s.

In the recent era, Lucy Oxley was in charge of the conference for many years.

The last few years' conferences have been organised by Harriet Brookes and Becky Kitchen. They have had to adapt to an online model for delivery due to circumstances.

As I mentioned before, all memories of GA conferences past, and conference officers would be very welcome.

References

Coates, Bryan E., et al. “Annual Report of the Geographical Association 1981.” Geography, vol. 67, no. 2, 1982, pp. 157–163. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40570513. Accessed 2 Nov. 2020.

Richard Daugherty on Sheila Jones

Richard Daugherty was the GA President in 1989, and his own post on the blog will be published sometime in November if I stay on the current schedule. He has offered to write a whole host of new updates for the blog around his own work at the time, which included some time as Honorary Secretary (Education)

A recent e-mail included a lovely additional update on Sheila Jones, who was the GA President in 1975, at a time when she was a Deputy Head in a comprehensive school.

The following is from Richard:

Sheila was at the heart of so much the Association achieved during the 1970s and 1980s. The characteristically warm comments from others about her contribution capture much of the several ways in which she was involved. I would like to add a little more about what Sheila did for the GA both before and after her Presidency in the mid 1970s. 

She and I first met when I joined the ‘ginger group’ GA committee, ‘Models and Quantitative Techniques (M&QT)’ in the 1960s. Key contributors, such as Rex Walford and Brian Fitzgerald, to the ideas that were changing the teaching of geography have rightly been acknowledged. But every committee about teaching also needs members whose daily work is in classrooms and who are willing to put in the work needed to keep those ideas flowing. In her roles, first as secretary and then as chair, Sheila did just that. 

 Others have referred to Sheila’s part throughout her teaching career in making the Bristol GA branch so successful, supported by the University’s Geography Department. After she had been President Sheila became more than just the GA’s Branch Officer in the formal sense. She was the voice of the branches, always to be listened to, in any discussion at national level. 

 Lastly, but not to be underestimated in the era of Barnaby Bear, Sheila was the pioneer, with the help of Pat Cleverley, in developing a range of GA branded gifts to be sold as both emblems of commitment and a source of income for the Association. Irked by the availability of a male only garment, GA ties, Sheila started by insisting that scarves for female members should also be sold. 

What originated as a ‘cottage industry’ managed by Sheila from home developed over the years into a significant aspect of the Association’s work.

Thanks for the update. Perhaps the ties and scarves need to return to the GA shop.

343 Fulwood Road - memories wanted

Updated January 2021

Some memories of Fulwood Road from former President Sheila Jones. For some years, the GA HQ was based at a house on 343 Fulwood Road.

"It would have been a lovely family home. In the front there was parking space for 2/3 cars. On the ground floor was a sitting room and smaller room, which was used as an office. A winding staircase, beside which were some paintings of past Presidents (I wonder what happened to them? I wonder whether they are at Solly St.). The planned photos never happened!

On the first floor was a larger room, I suppose a wall had been knocked down, where the meetings of the council took place annually in Autumn. There was also a bathroom on this floor.

The library was in the basement, and the garden, mainly lawn, was quite large."

Any other memories, and images of Fulwood Road welcome... Thanks to some former GA Presidents for some memories which shall be added to later posts.

1980: Mr. Vic D Dennison

Updated November 2023

When Vic Dennison became President he was a Lecturer in Geography at Filton Technical College in Bristol, an FE college. This makes him an unusual President to have had that role during his term.

Vic Dennison took over the Presidency at the start of the 1980s. This was a period when school geography came under threat.

He was involved in a number of committees of the Geographical Association over his many years of service to the Association.
He had a strong link with the city of Bristol, which has provided a number of Presidents over the years, as readers of the blog will be aware from more recent posts.
Vic also wrote reviews of publications for 'Teaching Geography'.

He was born in the city.

Source: https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/50126/page/53

His Presidential Address had a slightly different start. It was called 'The Use of Geography', and referred to his suggestion that as the Conference schedule was so packed, perhaps the Presidential Address could be taken out to make room for some other events. 


He referred to a great many things in the Address, which had a different feel to many I've read in that it was a very personal story rather than being research based or with a particular focus or theme.

He referred to his time as a teacher, and at the age of 18...

"...my Inspector decided that as a teacher I was too dour; but he knew that I wanted to go to university and that the only way I could do that was to sign the pledge to teach for five years, so he did not mark me down as unsuitable and I was allowed to go on. I seem to remember that the previous teacher President said that she was considered unsuitable as a teacher in her training days (Jones, 1976). Perhaps this will become a qualification for the Presidency."

He was not entirely convinced by the use of games and simulations in the classroom:

"At school level, I think we are making a mistake in concentrating on the conceptual approach, especially in conjunction with teaching methods more appropriate to mature minds. I am talking here about problem-solving exercises and role-playing games. I suppose it is fun to play games in the classroom but the thought of well-fed, energetic youngsters playing the poverty game is just obscene: and what an imagination a young pupil must have to pretend to be a Saxon invader in a foreign land looking for a site for his settlement - difficult enough for him to imagine the present world stage, let alone what it was like 1500 years ago."

I have not been able to find much else about his time at the GA, but have a few potential leads which may result in an update in the next month or so.

A contemporary of his, Sheila Jones, who was GA President in 1975, told me:

Vic was a long serving member of the Bristol Branch, teaching at Queen Elizabeth's School and Filton College of Education. For many years he attended the GA conference, always having a question or two at the AGM . When Pat Cleverley and I first went along to conference he was very helpful. He was a great field worker. He lived on the edge of the Mendips, an area about which he was very knowledgeable

References

“The Geographical Association.” Geography, vol. 72, no. 1, 1987, pp. 77–79. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40571227

Presidential Address: "The Use of Geography"

https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/50126/page/53 - this article provides a review of the conference in 1980 and some of the challenges facing the subject at the time:



It was interesting to see the session by an MP at the conference. He also said it wasn't the 'new geography' following Madingley which was the problem...


I like the idea of that... perhaps one to bring back...

If anyone has any further information on Vic Dennison please get in touch. I contacted the college as well to see if they have any records on Vic but they have merged with other colleges since he worked there... Images also welcome... This is a relatively brief entry.

Vic retired to the Mendips. I was able to find a little more about him from a society which was active there, which he was the Chairman of, and wrote a letter which was published in 'The Times' in 1986 on the theme of the Mendips AONB.

In 1995 he gave a talk in Weston Super Mare.

Updated November 2023

He was involved in a period called the Great Debate. This involved a great deal of effort on the part of the GA, including by Richard Daugherty and Rex Walford.

The Great Debate, launched in 1976, gave the Geographical Association ample opportunities to promote the study and teaching of geography in schools. Publications from the Department of Education and Science (DES) and Her Majesty's Inspectorate (HMI) were scrutinised carefully by GA officers and members for mention of geography and of proposals which could have implications for the position of geography in schools. 

The central committees of the GA responded formally and informally, publicly and privately, as the Debate progressed.

Williams, Michael. “The Geographical Association and the Great Debate.” Geography, vol. 70, no. 2, 1985, pp. 129–37. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40571967. Accessed 1 Nov. 2023.

1979: Get your GA Ties...

This was very much the initiative of Pat Cleverley and Sheila Jones, and the beginnning of the GA Shop and other items being sold.

Norman Pye - someone who was never President but "should have been"

Updated October 2020

That is according to former President Sheila Jones and several others...
I decided to find a little more about him.
Norman Pye was Professor of Geography, and later Emeritus Professor at the University of Leicester.

Born in Wigan, where he attended the local grammar school, Professor Pye graduated from the University of Manchester in 1935 with a first class honours degree in Geography, followed by a Diploma in Education ( Class I ).

He then pursued postgraduate studies at Cambridge and in 1938 was appointed assistant lecturer at Manchester. Between 1940 and 1946 Professor Pye was seconded to the Admiralty, Hydrographic Department, as Cartographic Officer and upon return to Manchester was made lecturer and in 1953 senior lecturer.
At various times he held visiting Professorial positions at the Universities of Alberta, Edmonton, Vancouver, Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam.

Professor Pye’s main research interest was in the field of physical geography particularly climatology, cartography and surveying and he published in all these three sub-fields. He was a member of the 1938 Cambridge expedition to Spitsbergen to study the movement of glaciers and many of its findings are used as the benchmark for several contemporary studies.
In 1946 he was awarded a Leverhulme Research Fellowship for research in climatology and in 1952 a Fulbright award for research in geomorphology in the Mojave and Sonora deserts, USA.

He also served on the councils of a number of academic societies including the Royal Geographical Society, Geographical Association, Institute of British Geographers and Royal Meteorological Society. Between 1965 and 1979 Professor Pye was editor of Geography and in 1972 he edited the volume, Leicester and its Region, to coincide with the British Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting held at the University.

He took over as Editor of 'Geography' from another former President David Leslie Linton.

Throughout his career Professor Pye strove to enhance the reputation of the University and the maintenance of standards during periods of rapid change. Those values that he held so strongly and which guided his contribution to the development of the University were expounded at length in his last seminar to the department in February 1979. From reading Tony Budd’s notes made at the time it is significant that so many of the points he made over a quarter of a century ago are still relevant today; for example,

“the most precious thing in a department is not the gadgetry but the students. I cannot conceive of a University without teaching but without research it would degenerate into a high school” 

“students need to distinguish between discussion (working towards truth) and debate (working towards victory of one’s own argument)” “on University members of staff…….there is a danger of them becoming so expert that they cannot be contradicted but are not worth contradicting. There is always need for stimulating contradictions”

In 1979, he was made an Honorary Vice President of the GA and elected as an Honorary Member in 1983, when Sheila Jones (who mentioned him) was made an Honorary Vice President.



In his retirement Professor Pye remained a great advocate of the University, always keen to hear news of new developments. He was Chairman of Convocation from 1982 to 1985 and a regular supporter of University events including his beloved Wine Club of which he was a founder member and President.

References
https://www.le.ac.uk/ebulletin-archive/ebulletin/people/bereavements/2000-2009/2007/04/nparticle.2007-04-18.3867066183/index.html

Lovely descriptions here:
https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/50105/page/13

Update
A picture of Norman Pye (Honorary Editor, 1965-1979) with Mrs. D M Ellis (Assistant Editor) was included on p.59 of the Balchin Centenary book.

Norman was also mentioned by other Presidents including Richard Daugherty.

Gladys Hickman

Updated October 2023

Another influential person in the life of the GA was Gladys Hickman.

She was described in this piece in the GA Magazine as "an inspirational enthusiast for geographical education". She was made an Honorary member of the GA.
She was born in 1912 in East Sussex and grew up on a sheep farm on Romney Marsh.
She gained a first in Geography from UCL and took part in the first land use survey of Great Britain, becoming a close friend of former GA President Dudley Stamp.
Gladys was linked with the Bristol GA branch, having worked in teacher education at Goldsmiths and then Bristol University.
She worked on the Schools Council 14-18 project.
She was a well travelled geographer, and chaired the GA's Field Group in the 1960s and helped launch the Study Tours which the GA's International SIG still runs to this day.

She was also the tutor of former GA President Sheila Jones who told me in a personal communication:
Education year (1950-51), was a revelation with Dr. Gladys Hickman who introduced us to fieldwork opportunities and was a great innovator. Many of her students owe much of their success in teaching to her.

Sheila also wrote a history of the GA Bristol branch. This piece in the GA Magazine gives a flavour of her work.

She attended the 1993 Centenary Celebration of the GA, and Sheila Jones remembered her being there and wrote a little note in the letters she sent to me.

She was working into her 90s in retirement in Edinburgh, and supporting the work of the RSGS.


She wrote a book about Africa which stayed in publication for many years.


She died in 2006, and an appreciation was featured in the GA Magazine and an obituary in the Geographical Journal.


I read about Glady's life in this book as well.


Source:
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=p_xfuY8CJ48C&pg=PT115&lpg=PT115&dq=%22marguerita+oughton%22+sheffield&source=bl&ots=xln_U09sEO&sig=ACfU3U0BVaFI8t74PC7xxPHMiijd8QoLyQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjbrsfys43pAhXKQEEAHeGlCCIQ6AEwAnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false

An Obituary, written by her son Richard, was published in The Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/oct/19/obituaries.mainsection

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.0028-8292.1975.tb00753.x

https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6xWsAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA1913&ots=Tsc_l8fz68&dq=gladys%20hickman%20geography&pg=PA1915#v=onepage&q=gladys%20hickman%20geography&f=false

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00167487.2007.12094183

Updated August 2021

Found this in my Flickr account. It's a book in the Victorian Schoolhouse at Gressenhall Rural Life Museum a few miles from where I live in Norfolk.

Source:

https://epdf.tips/complex-locations-rgs-ibg-book-series.html