Showing posts with label Alice Coleman. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Alice Coleman. Show all posts

Wednesday, 31 December 2025

Alice Coleman's Second Land Use Survey - now online

I previously posted about work carried out by Bruce Mitchell to make the maps from the 2nd land use survey available on the National Library of Scotland's website.


The following section of text is taken from the 60th anniversary 'history' of the GA's Thanet Branch, written by Derek Wilson. Available to download from the GA website.

The first Land Utilisation Survey of Britain was a comprehensive survey of land use in Great Britain in the 1930s. This survey was the first such comprehensive survey in Britain since the Domesday Book survey in the 11th Century.
Dudley Stamp, reader and later professor of geography at the London School of Economics instigated the survey. Preliminary experimental work was done in 1929, the survey got going in earnest in 1930 and most of the field work was completed in the field season of 1931.
In the 25 years since the Land Utilisation Survey was carried out in East Kent, many changes, both urban and rural, took place in the intervening period. Two members of the committee of the GA's Thanet branch (Alice Coleman and Ken Maggs) felt an urge to record an up-to-date picture and ambitiously planned a survey of nearly 500 square miles, i.e. the area of East Kent. 

Eleven other members gave their assistance with the project and it was completed in mid 1959. 

Alice Coleman was invited to give a lecture on the results at the Geographical Association’s National Conference in January 1960.

Then began a period of constructive activity. Alice Coleman and Ken Maggs illustrated and the IOTGA published a 32 page handbook. This handbook, which cost 2s 6d (in old money), had to be reprinted 3 times due to demand and orders were received as far afield as Sweden, Ontario and Pakistan.

Alice Coleman's survey employed a much more detailed classification than Stamp's in both urban and rural areas, giving 64 categories grouped into 13 groupings. 

Keen and competent geographers welcomed the project whole-heartedly. There was a reaction in a few quarters that it was almost incredulous that a single Geographical Association could aspire to so much. 

Indeed, the parent Geographical Association declared that it was impossible for such a project to be undertaken by a branch and their first impulse was to take it over themselves. Fortunately, its ultimate decision proved favourable in that it acceded to the request by the IOTGA not to take the survey over and to offer any unofficial help within its power. 

The Royal Geographical Society was most gracious in granting help. Its distinguished platform was offered to Alice Coleman for a lecture in March 1960 and its exhibition gallery was devoted to a display on Land Use for several weeks.

Around 3000 volunteers completed much of the field work covering some 90% of England and Wales. 

Several members of the Isle of Thanet Geographical Association contributed to this national survey. 
They included: Pam Dunford, Clare Lukehurst, Ken Maggs, P Mitchel, Mr and Miss Palin, Janet Pigg and Miss G Brand and Marjorie Woodward covering the areas Fordingbridge, Mitcham and the Isle of Purbeck, Croyden and Edenbridge, Ashford in Kent, Exmoor and Cranbrook respectively.

The Nature Conservancy provided the salaries of two full-time surveyors to map the vegetation in the the remote moorland areas. Funds for preparing maps for the printer were granted by University College, Swansea and the Pantyfedwyn Trust. These totalled £1000. The evolving printing fund, which was so generously opened by Professor Stamp’s gift of £2000 was augmented by Broadstairs, Deal and Ramsgate Councils and by the School which mapped the Princes Risborough Sheet. Secretarial, postage and other expenses were met by Professor Stamp and Alice Coleman, whilst the University College of Wales at Aberystwyth provided secretarial and administrative expenses for the Welsh Regiona Organiser.

Unfortunately, coverage of only around 10% of the country was published at 1:25,000 due to printing problems (only 115 sheets had been completed when the programme was suspended in 1977). 

Nevertheless published sheets included the whole of Greater London and industrial Thames-side, giving a snapshot of London at its peak as a centre of manufacturing. The handing down of tradition demanded the printed word. 

This was one of the principal aims of “Panorama”. It was hoped to record the Isle of Thanet Branch activities of the Geographical Association, particularly the results of research projects and to make them available to build on further in future years.

The actual printing of the first volume was undertaken by the members themselves. A type-setting party was set up to deal with the exacting task. The printing squad included Alice Coleman, Marjorie Woodward, Peggy Hopkins, Mrs Greig, John Lane, Alan Simmons, Michael and John Cuckney, Vera Wiggett, Carol Coatman, A Check, A Neve, Mary Tully, Mary Towes, J Frier, Linda Beecham, Carol Mizon, Kathleen Cunningham and Ken and Mrs Maggs.

During the decade, there were 11 volumes printed; volumes 1 to 4 were edited by Ken Maggs, volumes 5 to 8 by Clare Lukehurst, Volume 9 by John Evans, volume 10 by Alice Coleman and volume 11 jointly by Alice Coleman and Prof WGV Balchin. 

We are looking for copies of Panorama magazines to complete a collection. Some are proving difficult to track down.


Here's the one of Ely, showing the site of my school buildings, which didn't exist at the time, as they started to be added in the 1970s.




If anyone has any copies of the missing 'Panorama' magazine issues, please get in touch.

Friday, 26 May 2023

Professor Alice Coleman - RIP

'Bad design does not determine anything, but it increases the odds against which people have to struggle to maintain civilised standards'

Alice Coleman


I recently heard that Alice Coleman had sadly passed away just short of her 100th birthday.

We had prepared a celebration of her work with the help of Peter Vujakovic. It was published in the Summer 2023 issue of GA Magazine.


GA Magazine is received three times a year by GA members.

There will be further comment later, but the piece can be seen below. Alice leaves a tremendous legacy of work and did a great deal to support and further the cause of the GA in several respects. I have a copy of the handbook for the Land Use Survey she coordinated. 

She was a teacher, as well as working at King's College, London - with which the GA has had many close connections over the years.


Update

Telegraph obituary. 

Reading

Utopia on Trial - available from the Internet Archive. 

Update August 2023

Here's an image of Alice with a former GA President: W G V Balchin.

He was the guest speaker at the GA Thanet Branch in 1996

Alice wrote Balchin's Obituary for the GA.

Tuesday, 7 March 2023

Alice Coleman's Centenary

There is a separate post for Alice Coleman on the blog.

This year marks the centenary of her birth.

See later update.

Image source: https://hummedia.manchester.ac.uk/institutes/mui/sius2014/LorettaLees_SIUS.pdf

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-2427.12047

In an article in 'The Guardian' in 2019, Lynsey Hanley (author of the excellent 'Estates') talks about Alice's contributions to improving people's lives and campaigning against concrete tower blocks. 

I am reminded here of some classic schools' TV programmes from the 1980s set in Glasgow - part of the 'Geography Casebook' and looking at the problems of the city's redevelopment, with Kitty Murphy describing how it used to be in the tenements they replaced with the streets "so warm and good".


https://theconversation.com/tower-block-boom-how-high-rise-apartments-became-the-height-of-luxury-56178

Source:

https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/feb/28/delicate-sense-of-terror-what-does-concrete-do-to-our-mental-health 

More to come as the Centenary gets nearer.

UPDATE

Sadly we heard of Alice's passing in May this year, just before her 100th birthday. 

A celebration of her work is in the Summer 2023 issue of GA Magazine.


Friday, 25 June 2021

1966: Puerto Rico

In 1966, W G V Balchin and Alice Coleman led a GA Summer School in Puerto Rico.

There was an article in 'Geography' in 1965 describing the island written by the two authors.



Perhaps it's time we went back to Puerto Rico.

References


BALGHIN, W. G. V., and A. COLEMAN. “Puerto Rico.” Geography, vol. 50, no. 3, 1965, pp. 274–286. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40567047

Sunday, 15 November 2020

2nd Land Use Survey

As part of the blog project, I have been collecting a few books that have piqued my interest along the way, and are of reasonable value and price. There are quite a few that have been outside my price range. This cost £3 and is a bargain.

It's a copy of the handbook that was used for the 2nd Land Use Survey in 1968, and is a First edition (although I'm not sure there was a 2nd edition) of the booklet for teachers to ensure that their entries were accurate. The coding system would probably stand up even now, although there are some land uses which are probably not needed any more, and some others which couldn't be plotted using the existing key from the 1960s: I don't suppose the idea of a solar farm had occurred to people, for example.



The inner pages included a colour code for all the different land uses. It's interesting that Dan Raven Ellison brought this up to date in his 'UK in 100 Seconds' video, and will shortly film his UK National Parks version of the concept.

Tuesday, 10 November 2020

Alice Coleman

Upated February 2023

Alice Coleman
has been a great supporter of the GA throughout her long life and particularly associated with the Isle of Thanet GA Branch.
She is now aged 99 and an Emerita Professor of Geography from King's College, London, according to her Wikipedia entry.  There is also another GA link with King's College.

Alice is particularly noted for directing the 1960s Second Land Use Survey of Britain and for analyses of land use planning and urban design which have influenced the design of residential developments since the 1980s.

The 2nd Land Use Survey of Britain followed on from that led by Dudley Stamp, but was more detailed in its approach.

As I have previously reported from the Thanet Branch Centenary document: (PDF download from this link)

"In late 1955, Alice Coleman, of King’s College London came to the now defunct Medway Towns branch of the Geographical Association to speak about the then unexplored aspects of the Moon. Marjorie Woodward at the time was the Secretary of the branch. Both had been educated at Clarendon House Grammar School (Photo 2 in Appendix A) for Girls and both Marjorie and Alice had their roots in the Isle of Thanet. After a geographical discussion, each promised one another that if ever either of them should return to live there, they would form a branch of the Geographical Association. After the meeting of these 2 ladies, the birth of the Isle of Thanet Geographical Association was quite sudden. A pilot committee was set up in November 1955 where it was decided that the new GA Branch would be open to all who were interested in the post-war developing world. Students would be particularly welcome and take part in the increasingly popular fieldwork with excursions to a wider area and that a magazine would be published."
After many meetings of the committee consisting of Alice Coleman and Marjorie Woodward, George Wooster and Ken Girkin of Chatham House Grammar School, Peggy Hopkins of Clarendon House Grammar School, Ken Maggs, then in the Army, and Alan Kay of Margate, the first meeting of the Branch took place at Charles Dickens School in Broadstairs on 30th January 1956. A classroom had been booked but so many people arrived at the meeting that chairs had to be hastily removed to the Assembly Hall for the meeting to convene. Friends were quickly co-opted as committee members to help with the collection of the subscriptions; 80 signed on as members on that first night. Despite the inclement snowy weather, a triumphant Committee celebrated next day at the “Little Vienna” café on Broadstairs Jetty.

She was President from 1955 onwards and her name is scattered throughout the Branch history for the next 60 years!
She attended the 1993 Centenary weekend of the GA as well. I have looked through the batch of photos that Sheila Jones sent on but can't see her shown there.

I purchased a copy of the 2nd Land Use Survey Handbook, which Alice Coleman wrote along with Ken Maggs from the Thanet Association.

The full story is told in the Thanet Centenary document:

In 1975, Alice Coleman won an award: "Woman in a Man's World", which is an award of its time, but very well deserved - hopefully there was some champagne involved.

Alice is an urban geographer, and I was very interested to see that she was also the subject of an article by one of the urbanists I most admire: Jane Jacobs, and that she actually popularised the idea of defensible space in urban planning in the UK.

What a service to the Association, and a life well lived.

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Coleman

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-2427.12047 - Jane Jacobs article on defensible space.

“The Geographical Association.” Geography, vol. 60, no. 2, 1975, pp. 146–152. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40568383. Accessed 8 Nov. 2020. - her award mentioned in the Annual report for 1975

Updated section

This will be Alice Coleman's centenary year which will hopefully be marked in some way.

This article from Create Streets talks about her work with Margaret Thatcher to influence housing policy in the 1980s. (PDF download)

There are some images here (licensed) and here (Shutterstock) showing her at work.

Further research articles:

https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sw3c9vf - details on her urban research
Her books can still be located:



Friday, 17 July 2020

1970: Canada Study Tour

The 1970 Study Tour was 50 years ago. It was the Trans-Canada tour, and an interesting event for the GA. The tour took a large group of educators to Canada - the largest ever GA tour.  There were 152 people involved, who travelled to locations across Canada.

Graham Humphrys told me of his involvement in February 2021
In the early 1970s I was one of the leaders on two field excursions to North America for Geography Teachers organised under the GA banner. 
The first was Trans Canada in 1971 and the second down the western Cordillera in 1973. (Bill Balchin and Alice Coleman were the main organisers for both and I think they may have been based in the Isle of Thanet GA Branch)

Study tours are still continuing now - run by the International SIG.
2020 saw the tour to Malawi.
I have previously blogged about a tour to Poland run by Patrick Bailey, which Chris Kington told me all about.

The 2021 GA tour to Nicaragua was launched in the latest issue of the GA Magazine.
More details will come later in the year.




Monday, 16 March 2020

1960: Land Use survey

Alice Coleman instigated the Land Use Survey of 1960, organised by the Geographical Association. This involved a repeat of the work that had previously been carried out in the 1930s
Alice had previously worked with Stanley Henry Beaver, associated with the Le Play society.

Balchin's Centenary volume outlines the Survey, which was launched at the GA's Annual Conference in January 1960. The survey asked students to categorise Land Use uner 60 categories, rather than the original 8, and worked at a larger scale (the new 1: 25 000 maps) - 120 maps were made from the Survey results apparently, with the aid of grants from LEAs and other organisations.

Details below are taken from a report by the Soddy Trust





Some examples of the maps produced.


References
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c985/347184af1f682d4d87a9d1c17f6b8bc0a1cd.pdf - Soddy Trust report

Isle of Thanet GA Branch involvement: p.9
https://www.geography.org.uk/write/MediaUploads/Get%20involved/GA_IOT_History_booklet.pdf

Saturday, 22 February 2020

Isle of Thanet GA Branch

While doing some research for something else, I came across a remarkable booklet produced to mark 60 years of the Isle of Thanet GA Branch.

It can be downloaded as a PDF from this link.

It runs to over 100 pages, with numerous excellent images which helped me greatly.

It was apparently produced by: Derek Wilson, FTSC, BSc, LRSC Hon Secretary, Isle of Thanet Geographical Association May 2016.

He describes the reason for the founding of the branch, which involved Alice Coleman

In late 1955, Alice Coleman, of King’s College London came to the now defunct Medway Towns branch of the Geographical Association to speak about the then unexplored aspects of the Moon. Marjorie Woodward at the time was the Secretary of the branch. Both had been educated at Clarendon House Grammar School (Photo 2 in Appendix A) for Girls and both Marjorie and Alice had their roots in the Isle of Thanet. After a geographical discussion, each promised one another that if ever either of them should return to live there, they would form a branch of the Geographical Association. After the meeting of these 2 ladies, the birth of the Isle of Thanet Geographical Association was quite sudden. A pilot committee was set up in November 1955 where it was decided that the new GA Branch would be open to all who were interested in the post-war developing world. Students would be particularly welcome and take part in the increasingly popular fieldwork with excursions to a wider area and that a magazine would be published.

An early activity was to be part of Alice Coleman's Land Use Survey of 1960, which has been blogged separately.

There was also an annual magazine called Panorama, a front cover of which is pictured here.

Copyright of all images is with the GA Thanet Branch and members.

Would be lovely to see images from other GA Branches of meetings they have had over the years, particularly when they welcomed GA Presidents to speak to them.

Thought for the Day

From 100 years ago.... James Fairgrieve. "Anyone who leaves school without geography as part of their education cannot be considered to...