Geography and the Creation

There's an interesting 'dilemma' for some teachers who have a religious belief, when teaching about the origins of the Earth and the way it has been shaped since.  The Bible is quite clear on how the Earth was created. All faiths have some sort of creation story.

I was interested to come across this piece about an interview with Sarah Buckland.

An early GA President was very much connected with theology.

Sir William Mitchell Ramsay (1851–1939), was a skeptical Scottish archaeologist and Geographical Association president in 1918.

After reading the geographical locations of Paul’s travels (named in Acts), Ramsay tried using them to disprove the Bible’s accuracy. 

With extensive excavations in the Middle East, he tested the existence of variously mentioned New Testament places. But every single detail was so accurate when Ramsay retraced Paul’s journeys that he became a little more convinced in the stories being told.

You can read Ramsay's biography here on my GA Presidents blog.

This Bible Hub page explains more.

Ramsay’s fieldwork took him to various locations such as Galatia, Phrygia, and Lycaonia (regions frequently referenced by the Apostle Paul). He meticulously followed ancient roads, recorded inscriptions, and studied the ruins of cities mentioned in the New Testament. His expeditions resulted in critical site identifications and discoveries, including:

• Confirmation of ancient city locations (e.g., Antioch in Pisidia) that aligned with Luke’s geographical references (Acts 13:14).

• Findings of inscriptions that supported political and cultural details recorded in the Book of Acts (e.g., local governance structures, official titles, and the presence of synagogues).

These archaeological contributions provided robust contextual evidence that lent credibility to the historical details in Scripture, causing Ramsay to describe Luke as a historian “of the first rank.”

Major Publications and Impact on Biblical Studies

Among Ramsay’s notable works are “St. Paul the Traveller and the Roman Citizen” (1895) and “The Church in the Roman Empire” (1893). In these volumes, he presented detailed arguments for the historical trustworthiness of biblical records, particularly regarding the missionary journeys of Paul. Drawing on inscriptions, architectural remains, and ancient documents, he provided corroborating data that supported the reliability of the narrative found in Acts.

His findings have been frequently cited as evidence that Luke was intimately acquainted with the political and cultural realities of the Roman world. Scholars across various theological traditions have referenced Ramsay’s work to fortify claims that the New Testament is grounded in legitimate historical events rather than merely religious speculation.